Biodiversity(Global level):
It is estimated that 5 to 30 million species of living organism are present on the earth of which only 1.5 million species have been identified including 3 lac species of green plants and fungi, 8 lac species of insects, 40,000 species of vertebrates and 360,000 species of microorganisms.
The tropical forests are richest in biodiversity it include about 80% insects and more than 50% plants and animals but it covers only 7% of the total land surface. It is due to the following reason. The conditions for evaluation are optimum and extension is very less
II.
Species
diversity was conserved over geological time scale, due to low weight of
extension.
III.
Biological
diversity is the result of interaction between climate, organisms, topography,
soil material and heredity. All these factors are best at tropical forest.
Biodiversity(Pakistan):
Pakistan is located in the South Asia near the equator. The
country has diverse strategic location with presence of sea, huge plains vast
descent plains and rich mountainous areas.
The country has diverse flora and fauna. 30% of the flora is
distributed at the plain areas while 70% of the flora is confined to the north
mountainous part of the country including about 700 bryophytes and Pteridophytes.
Fauna:-
The fauna of Pakistan contains both invertebrates and vertebrates animals including mammals. Birds, reptiles, fishes, insects and Mollusks. A huge population of marine animals is also present in the territory of Pakistan in the Arabian Sea.
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